Commonly Confused Words
50 pairs that are easy to mistake for each other, each with the distinction stated plainly and a way to keep them apart.
Some of these differ by a single letter and mean nearly opposite things. Prescribe and proscribe. Ingenious and ingenuous. Meretricious and meritorious. Getting one wrong does not blur your meaning — it reverses it.
- Adverse vs Averse
contrary to your interests or welfare · strongly opposed
- Affect vs Effect
have an effect upon · a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
- Allusion vs Illusion
passing reference or indirect mention · an erroneous mental representation
- Apposite vs Opposite
being of striking appropriateness and pertinence · being directly across from each other; facing
- Appraise vs Apprise
evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of · inform (somebody) of something
- Assiduous vs Insidious
marked by care and persistent effort · working or spreading in a hidden and usually injurious way
- Censure vs Censor
rebuke formally · forbid the public distribution of ( a movie or a newspaper)
- Compendious vs Comprehensive
briefly giving the gist of something · including all or everything
- Complement vs Compliment
a complete number or quantity · a remark (or act) expressing praise and admiration
- Comprise vs Compose
be composed of · form the substance of
- Continual vs Continuous
occurring without interruption; chiefly restricted to what recurs regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series · continuing in time or space without interruption
- Credible vs Credulous
capable of being believed · showing a lack of judgment or experience
- Deprecate vs Depreciate
express strong disapproval of; deplore · lose in value
- Discreet vs Discrete
marked by prudence or modesty and wise self-restraint · constituting a separate entity or part
- Disinterested vs Uninterested
unaffected by self-interest · not having or showing interest
- Economic vs Economical
of or relating to an economy, the system of production and management of material wealth · using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness
- Elicit vs Illicit
call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses) · contrary to accepted morality (especially sexual morality) or convention
- Eminent vs Imminent
of imposing height; especially standing out above others · close in time; about to occur
- Enormity vs Enormousness
the quality of being outrageous · unusual largeness in size or extent or number
- Equivocal vs Equivalent
open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead · being essentially equal to something
- Farther vs Further
to or at a greater distance in time or space · in addition or furthermore
- Flout vs Flaunt
treat with contemptuous disregard · display proudly; act ostentatiously or pretentiously
- Fortuitous vs Fortunate
having no cause or apparent cause · having unexpected good fortune
- Historic vs Historical
belonging to the past; of what is important or famous in the past · of or relating to the study of history
- Imply vs Infer
express or state indirectly · conclude by reasoning; in logic
- Ingenious vs Ingenuous
showing inventiveness and skill · characterized by an inability to mask your feelings; not devious
- Judicial vs Judicious
decreed by or proceeding from a court of justice · marked by the exercise of good judgment or common sense in practical matters
- Laudable vs Laudatory
worthy of high praise · full of or giving praise
- Luxuriant vs Luxurious
produced or growing in extreme abundance · displaying luxury and furnishing gratification to the senses
- Meretricious vs Meritorious
tastelessly showy · deserving reward or praise
- Militate vs Mitigate
have force or influence; bring about an effect or change · lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of
- Noisome vs Noisy
causing or able to cause nausea · full of or characterized by loud and nonmusical sounds
- Obtuse vs Abstruse
slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity · difficult to penetrate; incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge
- Penurious vs Penitent
not having enough money to pay for necessities · feeling or expressing remorse for misdeeds
- Perspicacious vs Perspicuous
mentally acute or penetratingly discerning · (of language) transparently clear; easily understandable
- Precede vs Proceed
be earlier in time; go back further · move ahead; travel onward in time or space
- Prescribe vs Proscribe
issue commands or orders for · command against
- Principle vs Principal
a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct · most important element
- Proclivity vs Propensity
a natural inclination · a disposition to behave in a certain way
- Prodigal vs Prodigious
recklessly wasteful · so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe
- Prosecute vs Persecute
conduct a prosecution in a court of law · cause to suffer
- Respectfully vs Respectively
in a respectful manner · in the order given
- Restive vs Restful
impatient especially under restriction or delay · affording physical or mental rest
- Simplistic vs Simple
characterized by extreme and often misleading simplicity · having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved
- Stanch vs Staunch
stop the flow of a liquid · firm and dependable especially in loyalty
- Temerity vs Timidity
fearless daring · fear of the unknown or unfamiliar or fear of making decisions
- Tortuous vs Torturous
highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious · extremely painful
- Turbid vs Turgid
(of liquids) clouded as with sediment · abnormally distended especially by fluids or gas
- Venal vs Venial
capable of being corrupted · easily excused or forgiven
- Verbose vs Verbal
using or containing too many words · communicated in the form of words